Womens Roles in Hiean Court of Medieval Japan - 506 Words

The Heian court of medieval Japan was a progressive and dynamic society where women commanded a fair amount of power and respect. In many ways it seemed to be the basis of the rank n file, material culture of today’s society. The social structure of society throughout the court was set up in three different ranks. In chapter two, Genji’s friend, To no Chujo explained the three roles and how they determined the role of women in court. Women of high rank would be the wife of a high ranking elite, thus responsible for raising the future heirs, women of lower rank were concubines and often had better relationships with the man than his wife. did It was this complicated ranking system that led to the abundance of accepted promiscuity, however the two roles kept a bit of stability and normalcy throughout the court. Social rank was a main factor in determining women’s role in court and from the first chapter of â€Å"The Tale of Genji† author Maruabu Shikabu stressed the importance of social role. Genji’s mother, often the brunt of slanderous abuse from the Emperors wife, withdrew from court and took Genji away from court to live with her family. Social importance was best explained though in chapter two by Genji’s friend, To-no-Chujo. Chujo defines the different ranks to Genji while discussing the women they have slept with. To suggests that the three different ranks among women were; â€Å"High rank, Middle Rank, and No Rank (Commoners). Genji’s mother was a lower (Middle) rank

Learn About Where Polar Bears Live

Polar bears are the largest bear species. They can grow to from 8 feet to 11 feet tall and about 8 feet long, and they can weigh in anywhere from 500 pounds to 1,700 pounds. They are easy to recognize due to their white coat and dark eyes and nose. You may have seen polar bears in zoos, but do you know where these iconic marine mammals live in the wild? Knowing can help us help this threatened species survive. There are 19 different populations of polar bears, and all live in the Arctic region. This is the area that is north of the Arctic Circle, which lies at 66 degrees, 32 minutes North latitude. Where to Go If Youre Hoping to See a Polar Bear in the Wild United States (Alaska)Canada, including the provinces and territories of Manitoba, Newfoundland, Labrador, Quebec, Ontario, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory)Greenland/DenmarkNorwayRussian Federation Polar bears are native to the countries above and occasionally are found in Iceland. A polar bear range map from the IUCN can be seen to view populations. You can see live footage of polar bears in Manitoba. If you want to see a polar bear in a completely non-native region, you can check out the polar bear camera from the San Diego Zoo. Why Polar Bears Live in Such Cold Areas Polar bears are suited to cold areas because they have thick fur and a layer of fat that is 2 inches to 4 inches thick that keeps them warm despite the frigid temperatures. But the main reason they live in these cold areas is that that is where their  prey  resides. Polar bears feed on ice-loving species, such as seals (ringed and bearded seals are their favorites), and sometimes walruses and whales. They stalk their prey by waiting patiently near holes in the ice. This is where the seals surface, and therefore where the polar bears can hunt. Sometimes they swim below the ice to hunt, directly in the freezing water. They can spend time on land and not just on ice banks, so long as there is access to food. They can also sniff out where seal dens are for another means to find food. They need the fat from the seals to survive and prefer these types of high-fat creatures. The range of polar bears is limited by the southern extent of sea ice. This is why we commonly hear about their habitats being threatened; less ice, fewer places to thrive. Ice is essential for the survival of polar bears. They are a species that is threatened by global warming. You can help polar bears in small ways by reducing your carbon footprint with activities such as walking, riding a bike or using public transportation instead of driving; combining errands so that you use your car less; conserving energy and water, and buying items locally to cut down on the environmental impacts of transportation.

An Elderly With Congestive Heart Failure - 1429 Words

An elderly male with congestive heart failure was brought to a clinic because he was experiencing atrial fibrillation and had a ventricular response of 110 beats/min with palpitations and shortness of breath1. Medications that he was taking includes angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Lisinopril, Carvediol, Digoxin, and Furosemide1. His left ventricular ejection fraction has been reduced to 25%1. Further examinations showed that he had edema in his legs and crackles at the base of his lungs1. He was then told to increase the dosage of Furosemide by taking the drug twice daily instead of once, and doubling the dose per administration1. One week later, the electrocardiogram revealed that he had ventricular arrhythmias such as premature†¦show more content†¦Stroke volume is the volume of blood the ventricle ejects per heartbeat, and factors such as preload, afterload, and contractility of the heart all have implications in stroke volume2. Preload describes the extent to wh ich the myocardial fiber stretches at the end of diastole, and afterload is the resistance the heart must overcome for the ventricle to eject blood2. Heart failure describes a syndrome in which the patient has a dysfunctional heart incapable of sustaining an adequate cardiac output, and this syndrome is responsible for a large portion of cardiovascular-related deaths2. There are two types of left ventricular dysfunction, one is systolic dysfunction which has implications in defective ventricular ejection and contraction, and the other is diastolic dysfunction which has implications in dysfunctional ventricular relaxation and filling2. Heart failure patients with systolic dysfunction have an ejection fraction of less than 40%, and heart failure patients with diastolic dysfunction have an ejection fraction of greater than 40%. In the case study, the patient has a left ventricular ejection fraction of 25% which means that he is suffering from systolic dysfunction. Consequences of left ventricular systolic dysfunction include ischemic diseases, atrial fibrillation, increased ventricular response, and myocardial infarctions2. Some of these symptoms were seen in the patient from the case study. Factors leading to left

Small Business Funding Options - 1170 Words

There are several advantages to accepting funding from a relative. The first, and most obvious, is that by entering into a partnership to pay back this relative, there is no high rate interest to worry about, as there would be with a bank loan. Also, the relative only has to agree to the assistance, instead of applying for bank approval. There is also no risk of depreciation, as there is with the stock market. However, there is also a very large risk with this type of funding. When using a short or long term loan with a bank, once approval is granted, the funding is guaranteed. When borrowing from a relative, he/she can decide at any time to stop funding for no particular reason. By loaning us money for our business, my relative†¦show more content†¦The disadvantage to an angel investor is that we will essentially be putting ourselves at their mercy, and any disagreements will not be taken lightly. In the event, however, we decide to secure a small business loan, the SBA (Small Business Administration) offers a loan guarantee up to $750,000, or 75% of individual loans made by private investors. While this sum is much too high for our start up, we do not necessarily have to request the most money possible. However, the SBA loan guarantee should be used as a last resort, as we must first show that we cannot obtain funding using conventional methods with reasonable terms. We must also offer a personal guarantee for the loan, and demonstrate a sufficient cash flow to repay the loan. In short, the risks associated with each type of funding available to us make our options limited. I believe the best and least risky options are credit cards, as they can assist us with replenishing our supplies, and have the appealing get it now, pay later mantra that is appealing when cash flow is limited. Grants are also a good option, as they are freeShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of a Partnership in Business994 Words   |  4 Pagesmain fundin g options for a small business and determine how management accounting can be of use to business executives especially in the areas of budgeting, incremental analysis and product costing. Lastly, in addition to identifying the basic components of the marketing process, I also discuss the role technology and social responsibility play in the marketing function. Partnership as a Form of Ownership: Pros and Cons A partnership according to Burrow and Bosijevac (2011) is a business thatRead MoreEssay On Angel Entrepreneurs870 Words   |  4 PagesWhile many investors and business owners do insist that an idea is the important element of any business entity, they also do concur that it is quite challenging to start, operate and sustain any business venture without capital. The situation gets even more complicated given the gender-based issues still affecting communities not just within America but also worldwide. However, following the continuous creation of awareness around such critical concerns the situation is gradually gaining the attentionRead MoreEvaluation Of Debt And Equity Funding1006 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluation of Debt and Equity Funding The way the business is funded for its operation and business plans is a crucial factor for the long-term performance of the business. Two most fundamental financing methods include debt and equity financing which will be discussed and evaluated. Equity financing is a method of raising fund from investors with the promise of a share in business ownership. Debt financing is obtaining a loan from external party separate from the business for example the bank and usuallyRead MoreConsequences Of Venture Capital980 Words   |  4 Pages Venture capital funding is perhaps the most talked about financing option in terms of startups. This can be a bit confusing as almost 99% of entrepreneurs fail to get venture capital funding. However, the money exchanged in venture capital deals is not talked in hundreds but often millions and sometimes billions. This is why it can be one of the most sought after financing options and one that makes all the headlines. While venture capital can seem rather similar to business angel investing,Read MoreEntrepreneurship Funding: A Comparative Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Funding Option1411 Words   |  6 Pagesassociated with going into business on your own, but the payoffs can be extremely rewarding as well. What is most important on the path to entrepreneurship is the various sources of funding available. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the various funding sources that are available to entrepreneurs as they seek their project into materialization. This essay will examine several areas of funding and compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of each option. These options include: venture capitalistsRead MoreThe Nodaway County Senior Center Case Study1163 Words   |  5 Pagesafter their state and federal funding was cut 100 percent. The cuts, which were made by the Northwest Missouri Area Agency on Aging, began at the beginning of August according to Nodaway County Senior Center Administrator Amie Firavich. The senior center is one of three senior centers who had their funding cut the other two are located in Cameron and St. Joseph. The center is still dealing with the effects as they attempt to turn the senior center into a small business. â€Å"Unfortunately, we were notRead MoreForms of Business Ownership1162 Words   |  5 PagesOwnership There are a number of forms of ownership that the business can take. The main forms are sole proprietorship, partnership, Limited Liability Corporation, corporation and S corporation. There are advantages and disadvantages to each of these forms that will be discussed in this section. A sole proprietorship essentially has the person as the business. In this situation, the proprietor bears all of the risk involved in the business. Business income flows through to the proprietors personal taxesRead MoreEssay On Startup859 Words   |  4 Pagesbootstrapping your startup business? Why not consider these other funding options? Have you got a new startup business? It can feel like a money pit sometimes, cant it? While that is a relatively typical issue with new entrepreneurs, it does not need to be like this. You should expect to put some of your own personal money into a startup business; however that should not be the exclusive place you turn for funding. So as to help you out, here are a few other ways of funding your new company whichRead MoreEssay On Crowd Funding1016 Words   |  5 PagesCrowd funding is an alternative method available to entrepreneurs aiming to gain money to finance their business enterprises. Kickstarter is a popular website that helps aspiring inventors and artists find investors to fund various projects. It is often difficult to find a single investor to help finance a project, and crowd funding can help alleviate the need for a single investor. Crowd funding allows many financial backers to offer relatively small amounts of money to aid the development ofRead MoreWhat Is The Role Of Investments In A Business?869 Words   |  4 PagesFor every business to be effective background knowledge on venture capital and resource acquisition is vital amongst investor s and entrepreneurs. In the US for instance, the venture capital market has been made available for startups in the process of ensuring inclusive technologically advanced businesses. This process has facilitated the introduction of incubators as well as the angel investor’s networks. Currently, the VCs have dominated the business industry enabling the funding of the developmental

Self Managed Teams Essay Example For Students

Self Managed Teams Essay Self Managed Teams Introduction Self-managed teams (SMTs) are relatively small groups of employees given substantial responsibility for planning organizing, scheduling and production of work products or service. SMTs however are more than just another way of directing groups. The concept, according to John Simmons, involves nothing less than, the complete restructuring of the jobs that people does. Thus, Self-managed work teams are groups of employees tasked with monitoring and reviewing a product or process in a firm and coming up with solutions to problems they encounter. Self-organized semi-autonomous small group whose members determine, plan, and manage their day-to-day activities and duties (in addition to providing other supportive functions such as production scheduling, quality assurance, and performance appraisal) under reduced or no supervision. Also called self directed team, self-managed natural work team, or self managed team. Self managed teams are workers who have been organized into teams on the basis of relatively complete task functions. They make decisions on a wide range of issues, often including such traditional management prerogatives as: * Who will work on which machines or work operations * How to address inter-personal difficulties within the group * How to resolve quality problems, and so forth. Also, these teams usually consist of five to fifteen employees, who: * Produce an entire product instead of sub-units * Learn all tasks and rotate from job to job * Take over vacation scheduling, order materials etc. Such groups are self-regulating and work without direct supervision. Normally, a manager acts as the team leader and is responsible for defining the goals, methods, and functioning of the team. However, interdependencies and conflicts between different parts of an organization may not be best addressed by hierarchical models of control. Self-managed teams use clear boundaries to create the freedom and responsibility to accomplish tasks in an efficient manner. The main idea of the self-managed team is that the leader does not operate with positional authority. In a traditional management role, the manager is responsible for providing instruction, onducting communication, developing plans, giving orders, and disciplining and rewarding employees, and making decisions by virtue of his or her position. In this organizational model, the manager delegates specific responsibility and decision-making authority to the team itself, in the hope that the group will make better decisions than any individual. Neither a manager nor the team leaders make independent d ecisions in the delegated responsibility area. Decisions are typically made by consensus in successful self-managed teams, by voting in very large or formal teams, and by hectoring and bullying in unsuccessful teams. The team as a whole is accountable for the outcome of its decisions and actions. Self-managed teams operate in many organizations to manage complex projects involving research, design, process improvement, and even systemic issue resolution, particularly for cross-department projects involving people of similar seniority levels. While the internal leadership style in a self-managed team is distinct from traditional leadership and operates to neutralize the issues often associated with traditional leadership models, a self-managed team still needs support from senior management to operate well. Self-managed teams may be interdependent or independent. Of course, merely calling a group of people a self-managed team does not make them either a team or self-managed. As a self-managed team develops successfully, more and more areas of responsibility can be delegated, and the team members can come to rely on each other in a meaningful way Objective: The objectives of using SMTs are to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of specific tasks. This approach achieves these objectives by having SMT team members look beyond their individual task concerns, to the needs of specific groups and the entire organization. Benefits and uses of SMTs: †¢ Reduced absenteeism †¢ Increased productivity †¢ Increased employee satisfaction, morale cohesiveness †¢ Multi-skilled workforce benefit †¢ Greater level of personal responsibility to the companys targets †¢ Unique flexibility in job functions †¢ 100% of team members all pulling to a common goal †¢ A significant reduction in day-to-day problems †¢ Awards for achievement are shared equally The most beneficial aspects of self-managed teams are that they are management innovations that are based on an accurate understanding of human nature and motivation. They eliminate bureaucratic/pyramidal values and replace them with humanistic/democratic value systems. They provide a work climate in which everyone has a chance to grow and mature as individuals, as members of a team by satisfying their own needs, while working for the success of the organization. â€Å"Self managed teams are closely associated with the concept of employee empowerment which entails the employee to have the requisite authority and resources required by him to carry out his responsibilities. Roadblocks and risks of SMTs Three major SMT roadblocks and risks are listed: 1. Watergate EssayFirst comes the strategic plan, then the tasks needed to carry out the plan, finally, teams are formed to do the tasks. 2. Team basics are often overlooked. Team basics are: size, purpose, goals, skills, approach, and accountability. 3. Teams at the top are the most difficult. Executives have complex, long-term challenges, heavy demands on their time. 4. There’s no need to throw out the hierarchy. Teams are the best way to integrate across structural boundaries. They are the best way to design and energize core processes. 5. Teams permit performance and learning at the same time. There is no better way to become a learning organization than to have a team-based structure which thrives on people learning from peers Important Books on SMT 1. Banner, David K. , Kulisch, W. Anthony, and Peery, Newman S. Self-Managing Work Teams (SWMT) and the Human Resource Function, Management Decision, Vol. 30 No. 3, 1992. 2. Carr, C. Planning Priorities for Empowered Teams. Journal of Business Strategy. Vol. 13 n5 pp. 43-47. Sept. /Oct. 1992. 3. Harper, A. , and Harper, B. Skill-Building for Self-Directed Team Members. MW Corporation N. Y. , 1992. 4. Hoerr, J. The Pay-off from Teamwork Business Week, Dec. , 1989. 5. Howard, Ann, and Bray, Douglas W. , ATT. Continuities and Discontinuities between Two Generations of Bell System Managers. (Feb. 1981). 6. Jenkins, D. , Job Power: Blue and White Collar Democracy, Penguin Books, New York, NY, 1973. 7. Klutznick, Philip M. , et. al. , Social Indicators III: Selected Data on Social Conditions and Trends in the United States, Federal Statistical System: U. S. Department of Commerce, Dec. 1980. 8. Manz, Charles C. , Mastering Self-leadership: Empowering Yourself for Personal Excellence, Prentice-Hall, 1991. 9. Manz, Charles C. and Sims, Jr. , Henry P. , SuperLeadership: Leading Others to Lead Themselves, Prentice-Hall, 1989. 10. Manz, C. C. , Keating, D. E. Donnellon, A. , Preparing for an Organizational Change to Employee Self-Management: The Managerial Transition, Organizational Dynamics, Autumn, 1990. 11. Manz, Charles C. , Self-Leading Work Teams: Moving Beyond Self-Managing Myths, Human Relations, Vol. 4 No. 11, 1992. Maslow, A. H. , Psychology of Science Harper Row, New York, 1966. 12. Miner, John and Smith, Norman. Can Organization Design Make up for Motivational Decline? The Wharton Magazine pp. 2. Summer, 1981. 13. Mullen, T. P. (1992) Integrating Self-directed Teams into the Management Development Curriculum. Journal of Management Development. Vol. 11 No. 5 pp. 43-54. 14. Nicklas, G. Self-managing Teams and Unions. Quality Circle Journal, p. 36-40. June 1987. 15. Raelin, Joseph A. , The 60s Kids in the Corporation: More than Just Daydream Believers. Academy of Management Ex ecutives, Vol. 1, 1987. 16. Salem, M. , et. al. Developing Self-Managing Teams: Structure and Performance, Journal of Management Development, Vol. 11 No. 3, 1992. 17. Sheppard, Harold L. and Herrick, Neal O. Where Have all the Robots Gone? Worker Satisfaction. The Free Press, New York. 1972. 18. Shipper, Frank, and Manz, Charles. Employee Self-Management Without Formally Designed Teams: An Alternative Road to Empowerment. Organizational Dynamics, Winter, 1992. 19. Simmons, J. , Starting Self-Managing Teams, Journal for Quality and Participation, Dec. , 1989. 20. Vaughan, Jerry L. , The Major Impacts of the Baby Boom upon American Life. Eric Document, ED230478. pp. 1-24, 1985. 21. Weiss, H. M. , Subordinate Imitation of Supervisor Behavior: The Role of Modeling in Organizational Socialization. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. Vol. 19, pp. 89-105. 1977. 22. Weisbord, M. D. Participative Work Design: A Personal Odyssey. Organizational Dynamics. pp. 27-19. 1990. 23. Wilhelms, S. M. Quality Improvement in Self-Directed Work Teams. TAPPI Journal, May, 1992. 24. Walton, R. E. , Work Innovations at Topeka: After Six Years. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1977. 25. Yan kelovich, Daniel. , Work Values and the New Breed, in Work in America: The Decade Ahead, C. Kerr and J. Rosnow, eds. , Van Nostran and Reinhold, New York, 1979.

A Manifesto for the Position of School Prefect free essay sample

Colleagues, my reasons for vying for this position are very tangible and varied. Firstly, my personal qualities compelled me to vie for this enviable position. I am specifically referring to my high sense of discipline, hardworking, academically good, physically sound and friendly. These are not all, my astuteness, Honest and ability to turn adversity into advantage are just proverbial. Beloved student, a compound prefect should be descent and well discipline, dedicated and wiliness to serve his people with all diligence. These re qualities that I am not deficient in. I know by now most of you are wondering how I will be able to realize them, I am specifically referring to my tactics for achieving these. Colleagues, if you give me the mandate to serve you as your compound prefect for the 2013/2014 academic year, my first priority will be ensuring high sense of discipline, as discipline being the hallmark of every institution, I intend when giving the mandate, to build upon the already laid foundation of the school by my predecessor. We will write a custom essay sample on A Manifesto for the Position of School Prefect or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To do this, I need your maximum cooperation and that of the administration, to see to it hat the discipline level of this institution has raising to our expectation both in mind and attitude to deal with the environmental challenges of this institute Zion. Beloved student, when you give me the mandate to serve you as your compound prefect, my next priority is helping the school create a conducive and a clean environment as the saying goes **cleanliness is next to To achieve a high degree of academics performance a clean environment is a major factor to consider. And also with help of the school administration provide all the necessary logistics as to ensure a clean and afar environment. Ladies and gentlemen, when you give me the mandate to serve you as your compound prefect, again I will ensure that with the help of the senior house master; provide enough brooms and scrubbing brushes to the various houses to undertake effective inspection. On the issue of grounds work, with the help of the administration, to ensure that at least every house will be provided with a mower as to reduce student using their strengths in weeding. Last but not the least, promise to live a life wealthy of emulation both on campuses and the dormitory, as for student to sake a leaf out of my note book. Do you remember the phrase leadership by example, promise to ensure a clean and a healthy environment. Old go on and on but the constraint of time will not allow me, I therefore wish to solicit to your overwhelming support so that I get the mandate to serve you as the compound prefect, as my motto goes **total service to mother to enable us achieve all the laudable aims and plains outline in my speech. I promise to discharge all my duties to abide by all conditionalitys and to rule in the interest of all. Long live Mother Cannas, Long live her Student. Thank you.